PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

Orientation, closing unloading, capsule cleaning

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There are empty capsules in the capsule bin. The capsules move down into two magazines, are aligned by the sorting unit and lowered into the corresponding cells. At the first stage of this operation, the first (internal) one is loaded a row of capsules, on the second one — the second (external) one is loaded a number of capsules. After the capsule magazine there is a narrow calibration hole. Only geometrically correct capsules can pass through this hole. In case of irregular shaped capsules that are unable to pass through the calibration hole, the cells are blocked, recognized by the scanner and excluded from the further filling process.

Leukoplasty production process

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7095888

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A band-Aid (Leucoplastrum), or a sticky elastic band-aid smeared (Emplastrum adhaesivum elasticum externum). It is used to hold bandages, to bring the edges of wounds closer together, to stretch the limb in case of fracture, etc. It consists of the following components: 25.7 parts of natural rubber, 20.35 parts of rosin, 32 parts of zinc oxide, 9.9 parts of anhydrous lanolin, 11.3 parts of liquid paraffin and 0.75 parts of neozone D. The adhesive plaster production process includes several stages: the dissolution of natural rubber and rosin in gasoline, the preparation of an alloy of lanolin with liquid paraffin, mixing it with finely ground zinc oxide and the preparation of a paste of anti-oxidant rubber. The application of the finished mass of adhesive plaster to...

Pelletizing in pharmaceutical production

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7096309

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To study the formation of pellets (microspheres), it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of formation and growth of granules. Some theories were derived from experimental data, others were derived from visual observations. Conventional granulation as the most fully studied and classified process of formation of microspheres, carried out using different equipment, was divided into three successive stages: the stage of core formation, the transitional stage and the stage of sphere growth. However, based on experiments to study the mechanism of formation and growth of microspheres, the following mechanisms of microspheres growth have been proposed: core formation, joining, layering and transfer of material by friction.

Industrial production of plasters

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7095891

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Adhesive plasters "Uniplast fixing", "Bactericidal Veropharm" and "Uniplast bactericidal" Modern industrial production of plasters is characterized by a wide range of products. Therefore, it is not possible to consider in detail in one section the production of all types of plasters. In order to understand the specifics of the technological production of plasters, as well as to get acquainted with the main types of equipment used, as an example, consider the production of adhesive plasters "Uniplast fixing", "Bactericidal Veropharm" and "Uniplast bactericidal", organized at the Voronezh Chemical and Pharmaceutical Plant, which is part of JSC "VEROPHARM". The adhesive plaster "Uniplast fixing" is produced in accordance with international quality standards. It is hypoallergenic, has high breathability, is easily and painlessly removed, easily tears without using scissors...

Pelletizing by layering

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7096311

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Microspheres can also be made by layering a medicinal substance on inert microspheres. The layering process is a sequential application of layers of a medicinal substance from a solution, suspension or dry powder to the nuclei. The nuclei can be crystals or granules of the same material or inert particles. When layered from a solution or suspension, the particles of the medicinal substance are dissolved or suspended in a liquid. When the powder is layered, complete dissolution does not occur due to the small amount of liquid, regardless of the solubility of the active component in the liquid. When powder coating of the drug, the binder solution is first sprayed onto the inert nuclei, and then the powder is applied. By adding a layer-forming component,...

Basic requirements of gmp soft dosage forms

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In the production of ointments, creams and other soft dosage forms, there is a particularly high risk of microbial and other contamination. Therefore, special measures are needed to prevent any contamination. Soft dosage forms have specific rheological properties and in most cases are heterogeneous dispersed systems. Therefore, in order to avoid heterogeneity of the product due to uneven distribution of components, formation of gas emulsions and destabilization of dispersed systems, special attention should be paid to the proper conduct of the technological process, the equipment used and the temperature conditions of product storage. Requirements for production facilities and equipment. The environment of the premises, taking into account all measures to protect production, should pose a minimal risk in terms of contamination of materials and products.

Rotary tableting machines

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7096462

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Rotary tablet machines (RTM), unlike eccentric ones, have a large number of matrices and punches. The matrices are mounted in a rotating matrix table. The pressure in the RTM increases gradually, which ensures a soft and uniform pressing of the tablets. rTMS have high productivity (up to 0.5 million tablets per hour). The technological cycle of tableting on RTM consists of a number of sequential operations: Filling the matrices with tableted material (volumetric dosing method). Actually pressing. Ejection. Dropping pills. The operations are performed sequentially in automatic mode. The upper and lower punches slide along the guides (caps) and pass between the pressing rollers, exerting simultaneous pressure on them. The pressure increases and decreases gradually, which leads to uniform and soft pressing of the tablet…

Preparation of suppository base

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The stage of preparation of the suppository base begins with the weighing of its components. In the first stainless steel reactor with a steam jacket, paraffin is melted, in the second reactor, hydrofluid is melted by supplying steam to the steam jacket. The heated hydrofluid is pumped into a reactor with pre-melted paraffin. The mixture is heated to a temperature of 60-70 °With and add cocoa butter. In order to avoid changing the modification of cocoa butter, the heating should not exceed 70 ° C and be prolonged. After the base is completely melted, it is stirred for 40 minutes using a stirrer. In the finished base, the melting point and the time of complete deformation are determined.

Powder screening in production

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7096444

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When grinding solid materials on the equipment discussed earlier, a homogeneous product is practically not obtained, Therefore, such an operation as sieving is necessary to separate larger particles. Sieving is an integral part of grinding to obtain a mixture with a certain granulometric composition. Sieving eliminates soft conglomerates of powders by rubbing them through perforated plates or sieves with a certain size of holes. Sieving, or screening, is the process of separating a mixture of grains of various sizes using sieves into two (or more) groups. The size of the grains passing through the sieve cells is characterized by a number. There are 16 different sieves, which correspond to 7 degrees of grinding.

Industrial production of suppositories

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7096274

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There are several methods of making suppositories, among them: rolling out, pressing and pouring the molten mass into molds. The rolling out method is often used in pharmacy practice. This method is labor-intensive, low-hygienic, and the resulting suppositories differ slightly in appearance. Waxed capsules are used as packaging for suppositories. The pressing method makes it possible to produce suppositories like tablets in eccentric (crank) tablet machines using matrices and punches of the appropriate shape. The production of such suppositories is based on the transformation of fat suppository masses into powder form, which allows it to pour out freely from the loading funnel. To achieve the accuracy of dosing and the necessary flowability, the suppository mass is cooled in the refrigerator to a temperature of 3-5...