Hydrophobic, or lipophilic, bases are chemically heterogeneous substances and their mixtures having pronounced hydrophobicity. This group includes: fatty bases; hydrocarbon bases; silicone bases. Fat bases include animal, vegetable and hydrogenated fats, as well as waxes. Animal fats, by their chemical nature, are triglycerides of higher fatty acids. By properties, they are close to fatty ...
The next stage in the production of ointments is homogenization. This is a specific stage, since with stirring the desired degree of dispersion of medicinal substances is not always achieved. Various equipment is used for homogenization, such as roller or disk maser, millstones and colloidal mills, as well as homogenizing-dispersing agents. Roller mazeterki have two or three rolls with a smooth surface, rotating towards each other with different ...
Hydrophilic bases are mixed with water in any ratio. The following ointment bases are hydrophilic: solutions and gels of polysaccharides; solutions and gels of natural and synthetic polymers; phytosterol gels; clay mineral gels; solutions and gels of proteins. The advantages of hydrophilic bases are: the possibility of introducing a significant amount of aqueous solutions of drugs; ease of release of drugs, which ensures their high biological ...
From the point of view of technology (production cycle), as well as the physicochemical nature of the basis and nature of the distribution of medicinal substances in the base, the classification of ointments according to the type of dispersed systems is of the greatest importance. According to this classification, homogeneous and heterogeneous ointments are distinguished. Homogeneous ointments are characterized by the absence of an interface between the medicinal substances and the base. In such ointments, medicinal substances are distributed at the base ...
Depending on the purpose, the ointments are divided into the following groups: medical ointments - ointments used for treatment, prevention, diagnosis in dermatology, ophthalmology, cardiology, dentistry, obstetrics, gynecology and other areas of clinical medicine. Cosmetic ointments - decorative, therapeutic, hygienic, for professional cosmetics - are used to soften and nourish the skin. The vitamins contained in them bring these ointments closer to the medicinal ....
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