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Ointment base, providing maximum therapeutic effect, should meet the following requirements: to have a soft consistency, necessary for convenient application of ointment to the skin and mucous membranes; to have chemical stability, which guarantees the absence of interaction with medecines and changes under the influence of external factors (air, light, moisture, temperature) and, therefore, provides stability of ointment; to be biologically harmless, ie do not cause allergic, irritating and sensitizing effect of ointments; It is known that the outer layer of the skin (epidermis) normally has an acidic reaction, which prevents the multiplication of microorganisms. Therefore, the requirement of neutrality of ointment bases is of great importance; possess antimicrobial stability, as the presence of microorganisms can be the cause of re-infection of inflamed skin and mucosa, as well as reducing the activity of medecines and changes in the consistency of ointments; ointment residues should be easily removed from the linen, skin surface, especially from its hairy areas, which is of great practical importance; properties of the base should correspond to the nature of the action and purpose of ointments. Bases for surface ointments should not contribute to deep absorption of medecines. Bases for ointments resorptive action, on the contrary, should provide absorption of medecines through the stratum corneum of the skin, as well as through hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands. Bases for protective ointments should dry quickly and tightly adhere to the surface of the skin. However, ointment bases that fully satisfy these requirements do not exist. Therefore, mixtures of different substances (complex ointment bases) are often used to obtain the required base quality.
Pharmaceutical Glossary
Technical specifications
Dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, etc. are added to such compositions as wetting agents. The range of absorbent hydrophobic bases is quite large. They are included in pharmacopoeias of many countries of the world. Emulsion bases. Depending on the nature of the base, physicochemical properties of surfactants and the value of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) emulsion bases are divided into two groups: emulsion bases of the I type of oil-water type; emulsion bases of the II type of water-oil type. Emulsion bases of oil-water type are formed at certain ratios of hydrophobic components and water with the participation of one or more surfactants (GLB = 13-15), contributing to the formation of emulsions of the first kind. Such emulsions are tiny oil droplets uniformly distributed in water. They can be sodium, ammonium, triethanolamine soaps, alkyl sulfates, non-ionogenic surfactants (tweens, diethylene glycol stearate, etc.), sodium, ammonium and amine forms of bentonites, mixtures of anionic and non-ionogenic surfactants. Emulsion bases of water-oil type consist of hydrophobic substances, surfactants (GLB = 3-6) and water. Type II emulsions are tiny water droplets uniformly distributed in the oil. These emulsion bases include an alloy of petroleum jelly with aqueous lanolin, water-vaseline emulsion grease, etc. The number of emulsion bases of water-oil type used in the world practice for preparation of ointments is very large and there is no possibility to describe them in detail in this section. We will give only characteristic examples of such bases. The simplest emulsion bases include at least three components: emulsifier, hydrophobic substance and water. Depending on the purpose of the ointment and the properties of the drug substance, various additives may be introduced into the composition of emulsion bases.
Additional information
Due to the specificity of the internal structure emulsion ointment bases have a number of very valuable properties: accelerate the absorption of medecines from ointments by the skin, easily applied to the skin and washed off, do not interfere with thee-plogaso-exchange of the skin, easily incorporate both water- and fat-soluble substances, etc. The best known emulsion base is aqueous lanolin. Aqueous lanolin is a thick viscous mass of yellow-white color consisting of 70 parts of anhydrous lanolin and 30 parts of water. Aqueous lanolin cannot be heated: like any emulsion system, it splits when heated. Emulsion bases are increasingly used in dermatological practice due to its ability to dramatically increase the absorption of skin drug substances included in the ointment. Emulsion bases of the water-oil type, applied to the skin in a sufficiently dense layer, impede skin transpiration and cause its maceration (softening) and warming, leading to increased blood saturation of the skin. Macerated and slightly hyperemic skin, in turn, is characterized by an increased ability to resorb medecines. Ointments prepared on emulsion bases, characterized by low viscosity, easily applied to the skin and easily removed from it, have a pleasant appearance. Their use has a favorable effect on the skin: reduces dryness, increases elasticity, reduces inflammatory response. Due to the significant water content, emulsion bases are cheaper than anhydrous fatty bases. The choice of ointment base depends on the object and nature of the disease, as well as on the physicochemical properties of the prescribed medecines.
Order status tracking
Contract #12, the deadline for delivery has already passed. Take action at last. Accelerate Tsibulsky R.G. 22/07/2024 06:13
Hello Daniel, we are on vacation on weekends and are not able to respond to messages. Raise the contract, delivery time of equipment to your warehouse in Bruges to 50 working ( not calendar) days. Action taken. 22/07/2024 06:17
Waiting for delivery to Braila of a TR-02 hard gelatin capsule polishing machine. What about it? 22/07/2024 06:23
Hello Eleanor, on your order we inform you that tomorrow by lunchtime the driver will contact you to clarify the time and place of unloading. 22/07/2024 06:23
Run through the order. V-shaped mixer for powders VM-50 and Mechanical tablet press PP-28 are waiting. 22/07/2024 06:33
Hannah, Checking delivery status. The shipment is already in Berlin warehouse. Please arrange for pickup. 22/07/2024 06:35
How to contact you for shipment tracking ? Industrial vibrating screen VS-04. 22/07/2024 06:43
Good afternoon, Ethan, My WhastApp is +79853643808, Manager Natalia +79153808881 during business hours and except weekends. 22/07/2024 06:45
The MZ-10 expiration date and date handheld printer has still not been delivered. The driver did not answer and dropped calls yesterday. 22/07/2024 06:53
Hello Elijah, Transportation has advised that between 16:00-18:00 driver will definitely deliver the box to your address. We apologize. 22/07/2024 06:55
Good day , Electronic conveyor belt package weight detector DK-05 when will we receive in Strasbourg ? 22/07/2024 07:03
Hello James, your shipment is in the customs warehouse, tomorrow until 14:30 your manager Natalia will contact you. 22/07/2024 07:06
HX-9 plastic tube filling and sealing machine bought a month ago, arrival status in Ceuta. 22/07/2024 07:13
Hello Avery, Delivery status checked, between 16:00-18:00 is arriving at Ceuta . The driver will call you beforehand. 22/07/2024 07:14
PU-420 flow-pack packaging machine along with 500 kg packaging , delivery to Nashville. Please confirm the delivery time. 22/07/2024 07:23
Good afternoon Ethan, your shipment has left. Arrival time In the afternoon. The driver will call you back later. Please organize prompt unloading. 22/07/2024 07:25
Good day, tell me need delivery in Columbus to the settlement in the distance of 20 km. Can you organize this? 22/07/2024 07:33
Mia, Good afternoon, please send us an email to info@minipress.ru with the exact name of the equipment model, city, and your coordinates. We will calculate the delivery to you. 22/07/2024 07:34
You have to pay for delivery to Hum over and above the delivery amount in the contract ? 22/07/2024 07:43
Olivia, The catalog shows the price with door delivery. The unloading of the equipment, upon receipt of the shipment, will be charged to you separately. 22/07/2024 07:46
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING