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At the same time, the primary task in drying materials of biological nature is to preserve the original components, nutritional and therapeutic value, as well as organoleptic properties of products. According to the method of heat supply to the dried material, the following types of drying are distinguished: Convective – by direct contact of the dried material with the drying agent, which is more often used heated air or flue gases (usually mixed with air). Contact – by transferring heat from the heat carrier to the material through the wall separating them. Special; radiation – by transferring heat by infrared rays; dielectric – by heating in a field of high frequency currents; freeze drying – drying in a frozen state under deep vacuum. Many types of dryers are used in the pharmaceutical industry. According to the state of the layer of the dried product distinguish dryers with a fixed layer and moving layer of material. Dryers can be batch and continuous. In this section, the most popular drying methods that are used in the production of drugs in modern pharmaceutical plants, namely fluidized bed drying, spray drying and freeze drying, will be considered.
Pharmaceutical Glossary
Technical specifications
During drying, heat is applied to the product to evaporate water or organic solvent. The drying temperature and its duration depend on the thermolabile nature of the product, the hydrodynamic regime, the product quality requirements and the desired residual moisture content. Since the product cools as the solvent evaporates, in some cases drying can be carried out at relatively high temperatures without overheating the product.
In this case, it is important to ensure intensive heat and mass transfer in the drying process by mixing, carrying out the process in an active hydrodynamic regime, creating a large contact surface of phases. During the thermal drying process, shrinkage of the material is possible, and in case of non-equilibrium heat and mass transfer, the formation of bubbles inside the material or its rupture is possible. The drying process can also be used to impart the necessary properties to the dried products, to obtain dispersed products with a given structure and shape of particles. When drying materials it is necessary to correctly select the method of drying. The choice of a rational drying mode and method of drying can be determined by the properties of a particular material to be dried, the conditions and objectives of this production.
Additional information
When drying powders and granular materials, it is required that the preparation has good bulkiness, does not stick, and has a certain dispersibility. Traceability of powders worsens their technological properties: powders do not lend themselves well to automatic dosing, require additional processing, such as the addition of auxiliary substances. For example, good flowability can be achieved by using a spray dryer. A properly organized drying process can preserve or improve the properties of materials. For example, drying tablet granulate in contact dryers leads to sintering, discoloration, uneven residual moisture content, deterioration of bulkiness, and decomposition of active ingredients. Fluidized bed and spray drying reduces most of these drawbacks. Freeze drying is widely used for drying biologically active drugs, which may lose their biological activity during heat drying. This method of drying requires the investment of large financial and time costs, so it is advisable to use it only in the production of expensive drugs. Today it is especially important to create new drying methods and appropriate equipment for processing thermosensitive materials with the possibility of obtaining a product with specified properties.
Order status tracking
Hello, is it possible to buy your blistering machine for tablets and capsules MN-80 1 piece with delivery to Kansas City ( Europe) ? How much time for delivery ? 22/07/2024 06:09
James, hello! We have many customers from your city. Delivery to this region is made by EMC. 22/07/2024 06:12
RZW-29 rotary tablet press in Barcelona. Regards, Evelyn. 22/07/2024 06:19
Evelyn, Delivery will be made as agreed to Barcelona . Please have the movers ready. The weight of the equipment is heavy. 22/07/2024 06:21
Please inform me about the status of the order Rotary tablet press RZ-10A in Kansas City ? 22/07/2024 06:29
Good afternoon, John. We have contacted the carrier, delivery is scheduled between 12:00-14:00. Please let us know when you receive it. Thank you. 22/07/2024 06:32
Vacuum powder conveyor QV-01 quantity of 3 pieces, need discount and delivery to Austin. 22/07/2024 06:39
Good day Joseph, in our catalog all prices are given including delivery to the door of the customer. If you buy 3 pieces we will make a discount of 7%. Delivery to Austin is included in the price. 22/07/2024 06:42
Dear Roman. Deadline (time) I am waiting for your quotation for a machine for removing tablets and capsules from blister packs MB-10 with delivery. 22/07/2024 06:49
Hello Hazel, By the specified time we will send the offer to your e-mail. Now we are waiting for an answer from the transportation company on the delivery time to St. Louis . 22/07/2024 06:51
Vacuum powder conveyor QV-01 quantity of 3 pieces, need discount and delivery to Portland. 22/07/2024 06:59
Good day Amelia, in our catalog all prices are given including delivery to the door of the customer. If you buy 3 pieces we will make a discount of 7%. Delivery to Portland is included in the price. 22/07/2024 07:03
Mixer with paddle for powders CX-100 what is the exact packing size ? 22/07/2024 07:09
Daniel, Hello! Packing dimensions 1200x640x1000 mm, packing weight 250 kg. Please let me know when you receive the shipment. 22/07/2024 07:11
Contract #12, the deadline for delivery has already passed. Take action at last. Accelerate Tsibulsky R.G. 22/07/2024 07:19
Hello Lila, we are on vacation on weekends and are not able to respond to messages. Raise the contract, delivery time of equipment to your warehouse in York to 50 working ( not calendar) days. Action taken. 22/07/2024 07:20
Granulator for wet granulation ZL-25 and Mixer V-shaped for powders VM-05 under contract No. 15 inform. 22/07/2024 07:29
Hello Hazel, The shipment has arrived at the customs terminal, tomorrow until 15:30 is scheduled to be transferred to the transportation company. 22/07/2024 07:33
When is the SL-20 soft strip tablet packaging machine scheduled to be delivered to Venice ? 22/07/2024 07:39
Hello Emily, Expect tomorrow until 16:30. Once received, please let us know. 22/07/2024 07:43
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS