TABLET MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY

Tablets as a dosage form

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Tablet (from Lat. tabella — tablet, tile) is a dosed dosage form obtained by pressing medicinal or a mixture of medicinal and auxiliary substances. Intended for internal, sublingual, implantation or parenteral use. The first information about tablets dates back to the middle of the XIX century. In USA, the first large tablet workshop opened in 1895 in St. Petersburg. Tablets are one of the most common and promising dosage forms and, as mentioned earlier, currently account for about 80% of the total volume of finished dosage forms. This is due to the fact that tablets have a number of advantages over other dosage forms, namely: the accuracy of dosing of medecine injected into tablets; the portability of tablets, which provides convenience of dispensing, storage and…

Stages of preparation of raw materials for tablet production

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For most chemical and pharmaceutical preparations, the technology of tablet production consists of the following disparate operations of weighing the starting material, grinding, sieving, mixing, granulation, tableting (pressing), coating. Some of the listed operations in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals may be absent. Three common technological schemes for obtaining tablets are most common: using wet granulation, dry granulation and direct pressing.

Force to push tablets out of the matrix

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To push the compressed tablet out of the matrix, it is required to expend force to overcome friction and adhesion between the side surface of the tablet and the wall of the matrix. Taking into account the magnitude of the ejection force, additives of antifriction (sliding or lubricating) substances are predicted. As an example, the results of determining the technological characteristics of round-shaped substances are given. Powders with rounded particles with a basic particle size of more than 100 microns (ranitidine g/cl, carbamazepine, phenazepam) have high (8-9 g/s) flowability, high volume density before and after compaction, but insignificant compressibility and a small compaction coefficient. Phenazepam has a slightly lower flowability value (8 g/s), probably because it contains more small fractions and does not contain particles...

Basic requirements for tablets

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The following requirements are imposed on tablets: dosing accuracy — uniformity (uniformity) of the distribution of the active substance in the tablet, the correctness of the weight of both the tablet itself and the medicinal substances included in it; mechanical strength — hardness, brittleness, fragility — characterize the quality of tablets; tablets must have sufficient strength to remain intact under mechanical influences during packaging, transportation and storage; disintegration or solubility — the ability to disintegrate or dissolve within the time limits established by the relevant scientific and technical documentation (NTD) for certain types of tablets. The accuracy of dosing depends on the uniformity of the tableted mass, which is ensured by careful mixing of medicinal and auxiliary substances and their uniform distribution in the total...

Correcting agents, dyes

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Corrective substances are added to the composition of tablets in order to improve their taste, color and smell. Corrective substances are of great importance in pediatric medical practice. It has been established that an effective therapeutic agent with an unpleasant taste in children has many times less effect or does not have a therapeutic effect at all. It is necessary to take into account the possibility of changing the absorption of LV from corrected dosage forms. It is known, for example, that sugar syrup and some fruit syrups reduce the resorption of amidopyrine, antibiotics from the dosage forms corrected by them.with

Antifriction agents in pharmaceutical production

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One of the problems of tablet production is obtaining good granulate fluidity in feeding devices (funnels, bunkers). The resulting granules or powders have a rough surface, which makes it difficult for them to pour out of the loading funnel into the matrix sockets. In addition, the granules can stick to the walls of the die and punch due to friction developed in the contact zones of the particles with the press tool of the tablet machine. To remove or reduce these undesirable phenomena, antifriction substances are used, represented by a group of sliding and lubricating substances. Sliding substances, adsorbed on the surface of particles (granules), eliminate or reduce roughness, increasing their fluidity (flowability). Particles having a spherical shape have the greatest sliding efficiency.