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In addition to gelatin capsules, polymeric capsules are used in the pharmaceutical industry. Let us explain their use by one example. Scientists at the Faculty of Chemistry of Lomonosov USA State University proposed to give insulin in tablets instead of injections to diabetics. They developed a multilayer polymer capsule that protects insulin from the destructive action of gastric juice. This invention has largely made life easier for diabetics, as they have to take regular injections (up to several times a day) to control their blood sugar levels. But the fact that insulin breaks down quickly in the acidic environment of the stomach makes it very difficult, if not impossible, to create insulin in tablets. Scientists have found a way to protect insulin from gastric juice while preserving its properties by creating a multi-layered polymer capsule. In an acidic environment it is stable and remains intact, while in a neutral environment it gradually releases insulin. To create such a capsule, the scientists used two polymers: positively charged protamine and negatively charged dextran sulfate. They were successively layered on top of each other on the principle of “plus to minus”, forming a multilayer shell around the insulin filling, which makes up to 85% of the entire microparticle. The insulin in the protective capsule is stable at pH between 1.7 and 5, and is released at higher pH values. This pH dependence of protective polymer capsules makes it possible to create insulin in tablets. In the stomach, where the environment is very acidic, the capsules will protect the insulin molecule and prevent it from breaking down. After passing through the stomach and reaching the small intestine and ileum, where the pH reaches 6-8 units, the capsules will begin to release insulin intensively. From the small intestine, insulin can enter the bloodstream. It turns out that the capsule itself will determine where to keep the insulin closed and where to release it. The substances used to create the capsules are natural biodegradable polymers. They are easily broken down by enzymes and excreted from the body without causing any harm to health. All the above-mentioned diversity in approaches to the creation of capsule compositions and technology of their production must be taken into account in the development of drugs in the form of capsules. Each drug substance, possessing inherently specific physicochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties, requires an individual approach to the creation of a dosage form. This is taken into account by scientists in the development of encapsulated pharmaceuticals.
Pharmaceutical Glossary
Technical specifications
Currently, the capsule manufacturing process is continuously monitored by sampling at each stage of production. Parameters such as dimensions, visual defects, moisture content, color and microbiological purity are continuously monitored during production. If a defect is detected, the entire batch is withdrawn regardless of the stage of readiness. The capsules are subjected to all types of analysis once again at the end of the production process, after which the final result of the quality check is issued. In recent years, capsules with specified release properties of the active ingredient have become more and more widespread – these are intestine-soluble capsules (with release of the drug substance in the intestine) and so-called retard capsules (with prolonged release). Creation of enteric soluble dosage forms is carried out in order to prevent the release of the active substance in the stomach (to ensure the stability of the drug substance, to prevent its concentration decrease under the action of gastric juice, to reduce possible side effects, to prevent possible undesirable neutralization of gastric juice, etc.). Intestine-soluble capsules are produced by two methods: by applying film coatings to the finished and filled capsule. Special compositions are used to coat capsules, the main components of which are most often shellac, cellulose derivatives (e.g., simple or esters), polymethacrylates, copolymers (styrene and maleic acid, vinyl acetate, caproic acid, etc.), natural waxes, sodium alginate and others; intestine-soluble properties are imparted to the filler itself – intestine-soluble film coatings are applied directly to granules, pellets or microcapsules. Along with the previous method, this method is by far the most demanded in the production of enteric soluble preparations in capsule form. To give prolonged properties to capsulated drugs use technological methods of introducing special ingredients in the composition of the filler for capsules. Usually used combinations of substances that prevent the rapid release of the active components of the dosage form, among which the most used are indifferent to the human body acrylic polymers (Eudragit several brands), cellulose derivatives (microcrystalline cellulose, oxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, etc.), some other substances.
Additional information
Currently, the dosage form in the form of gelatin capsules has become very popular with pharmaceutical manufacturers, consumers and physicians due to a number of advantages and positive characteristics. These include, among others:
High dosing accuracy of the drug substances placed in them. Modern equipment ensures high accuracy of filling capsules with filler (with a tolerance not exceeding ±3%) and minimal losses. High bioavailability. Studies have shown that capsules often disintegrate faster in the human body than tablets or dragees, and their liquid or unabsorbed solid contents are more quickly and easily absorbed. The pharmacological action of the drug substance is manifested in 4-5 min. High stability. Drug substances in capsules are protected from various unfavorable environmental factors – the effects of light, air, moisture, mechanical influences – due to the shell, which provides a sufficiently high tightness and isolation of components. Therefore, in the manufacture of capsules it is possible to avoid the need to use antioxidants or stabilizers or reduce their amount.
Corrective ability – unpleasant taste and odor of medicinal substances is eliminated, which is especially important in pediatrics. High aesthetics – achieved through the use of various dyes in obtaining capsule shells. Today, leading pharmaceutical companies use up to 1,000 different colors and shades for coloring capsule shells.
Possibility to set specific properties of drug substances – creation of intestine-soluble capsules, as well as urethard capsules (with prolonged drug release), which can be achieved by various technological methods.
Order status tracking
PU-250 flow-pack packaging machine, please advise delivery status. 19/05/2024 14:14
Hello Oliver, your equipment is undergoing customs clearance. Your manager Natalia will contact you tomorrow until 18: 30 19/05/2024 14:18
Good afternoon, we have contracted you to deliver a GK-40 dry powder granulator to Monte Carlo, do you deliver to the terminal or to the actual address? 19/05/2024 14:24
Hello James, we ship all over Europe and the US including to Monte Carlo . The price in the catalog includes any delivery our customer asks for. 19/05/2024 14:27
Good afternoon, we received the PR-15 powder dispenser in plastic vials, scheduled after lunch to open the box and test. 19/05/2024 14:34
Emily, Good afternoon. Great news, please WhatsApp +79853643808 to send photo and video report. 19/05/2024 14:35
PU-250 flow-pack packaging machine, please advise delivery status. 19/05/2024 14:44
Hello William, your equipment is undergoing customs clearance. Your manager Natalia will contact you as agreed 19/05/2024 14:45
We have sent to info@minipress.ru photos of the damaged box with induction welding membrane machine FG-08. Please call back. 19/05/2024 14:54
Good day, Harper! Damage to the packaging is unfortunately a common practice in transportation. Please carefully unpack the shipment and send us a series of photos. We will take a look and take action. 19/05/2024 14:54
We have sent to info@minipress.ru photos of the damaged box with induction welding membrane machine FG-08. Please call back. 19/05/2024 15:04
Good day, Avery! Damage to the packaging is unfortunately a common practice in transportation. Please carefully unpack the shipment and send us a series of photos. We will take a look and take action. 19/05/2024 15:04
We have sent to info@minipress.ru photos of the damaged box with induction welding membrane machine FG-08. Please call back. 19/05/2024 15:14
Good day, Evelyn! Damage to the packaging is unfortunately a common practice in transportation. Please carefully unpack the shipment and send us a series of photos. We will take a look and take action. 19/05/2024 15:17
We received our order (BG-150 film coating boiler) in the box there was no spraying nozzle !!! 19/05/2024 15:24
Hello Alexander, we checked with the factory. Your nozzle was not received in time for the shipment of the main machine. We will now deliver it to you by DHL express mail. 19/05/2024 15:26
PU-250 flow-pack packaging machine, please advise delivery status. 19/05/2024 15:34
Hello Owen, your equipment is undergoing customs clearance. Your manager Natalia will contact you tomorrow until 17:30 19/05/2024 15:35
Waiting for delivery to Valencia of a TR-02 hard gelatin capsule polishing machine. What about it? 19/05/2024 15:44
Hello Samuel, on your order we inform you that tomorrow until 17:30 the driver will contact you to clarify the time and place of unloading. 19/05/2024 15:46
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION