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Ozokerite contains sulfur and resins and is used as a sealant. Cerezin is obtained from ozokerite by additional purification. It is an amorphous colorless brittle mass with a melting point of 68-72 °C. Cerezin resembles beeswax in properties and is used as a sealant. Artificial vaseline is an alloy of paraffin, ozokerite and ceresin in various ratios. The most qualitative is artificial petroleum jelly with ceresin. Polyethylene or polypropylene gels are alloys of low molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene with mineral oils. They are fairly indifferent and compatible with a number of drugs. These gels, like petroleum jelly, can be used for superficial ointments. Naphthalan refined oil is a thick syrupy liquid of black color with greenish fluorescence and a specific odor. It is well mixed with fatty oils and glycerin and has a local anesthetic and antimicrobial effect. To obtain ointment base naphthalan oil is thickened with paraffin or vaseline.
Silicone bases are high molecular weight organosilicon compounds. They are used as a constituent component of complex ointment bases. They form homogeneous alloys with vaseline or anhydrous lanolin and mix well with fatty and mineral oils. Silicone bases are obtained by two methods: fusion of silicone liquid with other hydrophobic components and thickening of silicone liquid with aerosil. The most widely used silicone liquids are Esilon-4 and Esilon-5, which have the best compatibility with drugs and other components of bases. In appearance they are colorless transparent oily liquids without odor and taste. Their advantages are high stability, chemical indifference and heat resistance. In addition, they do not disturb physiological functions of the skin, do not have an irritating effect, little disruption of gas exchange and do not go rancid.
Esilons are miscible with ether, chloroform, vaseline oil and are not miscible with water and glycerin. The disadvantages of esilons include slow release of drug substances, so they can be used only for ointments of superficial action.
They also cause lesions to the conjunctiva of the eye, hence cannot be used in ocular ointments. Thus, these substances by physicochemical properties are close to hydrocarbon bases, and by speed and depth of absorption of drugs – to fatty bases.
Pharmaceutical Glossary
Technical specifications
The consistency of hydrogenated fats depending on the conditions of hydrogenation can be different – from semi-liquid to solid. Having positive qualities of animal fats, they are characterized by greater stability, better mixed with water, but worse absorbed.
Waxes are esters of fatty acids and higher monoatomic alcohols. Waxes are chemically inert, and many of them mix well with water. Waxes fuse well with fats and carbohydrates and serve to thicken ointments and increase their viscosity. Waxes include anhydrous lanolin and beeswax. Anhydrous lanolin is an animal wax obtained by washing sheep’s wool. It is a thick, viscous brownish-yellow mass with a peculiar odor and is distinguished from other waxes by its high content of sterols (particularly cholesterol). Lanolin melts at a temperature of 36-42 “C, well absorbed into the skin and has a softening effect. The composition of lanolin is very complex and has not been fully studied to date. Basically, it is a mixture of esters of high-molecular alcohols (cholesterol, isocholesterol, etc.) with higher fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, cerotinic, etc.) and free high-molecular alcohols. In terms of properties, lanolin is close to human sebum. Chemically it is quite inert, neutral and stable during storage. The most valuable property of lanolin is its ability to emulsify up to 180-200 % (of its own weight) of water, up to 140 % of glycerin and about 40 % of ethanol (70 % of concentration) to form water-in-oil emulsions. Addition of a small amount of lanolin to fats and hydrocarbons sharply increases their ability to mix with water and aqueous solutions. The disadvantages of anhydrous lanolin as a base are high viscosity and difficulty of smearing, which does not allow to use it in its pure form. Beeswax is extracted by melting emptied bee honeycomb. It is a solid brittle mass of dark yellow color with a characteristic honey odor and melting point of 62-68 ° C. It becomes plastic at a temperature of 35 °C. At a temperature of 35 ° C it becomes plastic. Beeswax. is a mixture of esters (High molecular weight alcohols and palmitic acid, and also contains cerotinic acid. It has a slight emulsifying property and increases the absorbency of water-based liquids. White wax-derived from yellow wax by bleaching it in sunlight. It is inferior in quality to yellow wax because it becomes contaminated and partially rancid during bleaching. It is also more fragile.
Additional information
Hydrocarbon bases are similar in appearance and consistency to fats. They are mixtures of solid or solid and liquid limiting hydrocarbons. These bases are characterized by high chemical resistance, stability and compatibility with most drugs, but they are almost not absorbed by the skin and difficult to wash off.
The most widely used are the following bases: petroleum jelly, solid paraffin, vaseline oil, ozokerite, ceresin, artificial petroleum jelly, polyethylene or polypropylene gels and refined naphthalan oil. Vaseline is obtained as a result of petroleum refining. It is a homogeneous viscous stretching mass with a melting point of 37-50 “С. Vaseline is of two types: yellow and white. White petroleum jelly is obtained from yellow petroleum jelly by bleaching it.
By their properties, both types are the same. Vaseline is chemically indifferent, stable in storage and when melted forms a transparent liquid with a faint odor of paraffin and oil. Vaseline mixes with fats and fatty vegetable oils (except castor oil), slowly and does not fully release drug substances, so it can be used only for ointments of superficial action. Skin it is almost not absorbed, has no irritant effect and poorly mixed with water, in connection with which it is often combined with lanolin. This allows to increase the absorption of drugs from ointments. The disadvantages of petroleum jelly include violation of the physiological function of the skin. Many researchers note that the more in the composition of petroleum jelly includes solid paraffins and ozokerite, the worse it is in quality. Vaseline often causes allergies, it should not be used by people with dermatitis, eczema and sensitive skin. Vaseline is poorly removed from the place of application. If 60% of human skin is smeared with petroleum jelly, it can be fatal. For eye ointments, a special grade of Vaseline of the highest purity is used. Solid paraffin is also obtained during oil refining. It is a white solid fine-crystalline mass, greasy to the touch with a melting point of 50-57 ° C. Paraffin is chemically resistant. Paraffin is chemically resistant, is not saponified by caustic alkalis and does not mix well with water and other substances. Paraffin is used as a sealing agent for ointment bases. Vaseline oil (liquid paraffin) is a colorless oily liquid that softens ointment bases. Vaseline oil is mixed with fats and vegetable oils (except castor oil) and has all the disadvantages of petroleum jelly.
Ozokerite (mountain wax) – is a wax-like mineral of dark brown color with the smell of oil and melting point 50-65 “C. Chemically, it is a mixture of high-molecular hydrocarbons.
Order status tracking
Vacuum powder conveyor QV-01 quantity of 3 pieces, need discount and delivery to Detroit. 22/07/2024 06:22
Good day Logan, in our catalog all prices are given including delivery to the door of the customer. If you buy 3 pieces we will make a discount of 7%. Delivery to Detroit is included in the price. 22/07/2024 06:25
Hello, is it possible to buy your blistering machine for tablets and capsules MN-80 1 piece with delivery to Fort Worth ( Europe) ? How much time for delivery ? 22/07/2024 06:32
Lily, hello! We have many customers from your city. Delivery to this region is made by EMC. 22/07/2024 06:34
Good afternoon, we received the PR-15 powder dispenser in plastic vials, scheduled tomorrow until 15:30 to open the box and test. 22/07/2024 06:42
William, good afternoon. Great news, please send a photo and video report to WhatsApp +79853643808. 22/07/2024 06:42
Dear Roman, how are you doing? Our company bought more than a year ago a filling and capping machine for penicillin vials, model XL-10. We got financing this year and want the same machine. Will you give us a discount? 22/07/2024 06:52
Samuel, thank you. We're doing great. Of course we will give a discount to the regular customer. Delivery of equipment also in Las Vegas ? Contact Natalia, she will send the contract and invoice. 22/07/2024 06:52
Roman hello, what about the automatic filling and sealing machine for sterile ampoules ABF-4D-1, invoice #101. 22/07/2024 07:02
Good afternoon, Jayden! We are making a request to the manufacturer. Tomorrow we will send photos and video of testing to your e-mail. 22/07/2024 07:02
You have to pay for delivery to Oxford over and above the delivery amount in the contract ? 22/07/2024 07:12
Mia, The catalog shows the price with door delivery. The unloading of the equipment, upon receipt of the shipment, will be charged to you separately. 22/07/2024 07:14
I would like to discuss the purchase of model FK-05 - capping and screw cap machine. 22/07/2024 07:22
Good day. You can call on tel. +79853643808 or to the mail specified on the site. Elijah, this chat is only for tracking shipments. 22/07/2024 07:24
Mixer with paddle for powders CX-100 what is the exact packing size ? 22/07/2024 07:32
Wyatt, Hello! Packing dimensions 1200x640x1000 mm, packing weight 250 kg. Please let me know when you receive the shipment. 22/07/2024 07:36
Good afternoon, we received the PR-15 powder dispenser in plastic vials, scheduled in the interval from 14:00-16:00 to open the box and test. 22/07/2024 07:42
Jayden, good afternoon. Great news, please send a photo and video report to WhatsApp +79853643808. 22/07/2024 07:44
RZW-29 rotary tablet press in Bratislava. Regards, Dylan. 22/07/2024 07:52
Dylan, Delivery will be made as stipulated in the contract to Bratislava . Please have the movers ready. The weight of the equipment is heavy. 22/07/2024 07:55
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- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR REMOVING TABLETS AND CAPSULES FROM BLISTERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR COATING TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS
- MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUPPOSITORIES
- BOTTLE FILLING AND CAPPING EQUIPMENT
- SPRAY DRYING EQUIPMENT FOR SUSPENSIONS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND SEALING GLASS AMPOULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING POWDERS INTO VIALS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WASHING AND STERILIZING BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PRINTING LOGO ON TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR POLISHING AND DEDUSTING TABLETS AND CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR COUNTING AND PACKAGING TABLETS AND CAPSULES IN BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING HARD GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING CREAMS AND SEALING PLASTIC TUBES
- HIGH-PRECISION DOSING MACHINES POWDER FILLING MACHINES
- MACHINES FOR FORMING AND FILLING PLASTIC AMPOULES
- POWDER GRANULATION EQUIPMENT
- EQUIPMENT FOR SCREW FEEDING OF POWDERS
- AUTOMATIC PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRIFUGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR HOMOGENIZING CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC BOTTLE FEEDING FOR FILLING LINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM TRANSPORTATION OF POWDERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR WEIGHT CONTROL AND SORTING OF CARDBOARD BOXES WITH MEDICINE
- AUTOMATIC CARTONING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING FOOD PRODUCTS IN DOY-PACK PACKAGES
- EQUIPMENT FOR WRAPPING CARDBOARD BOXES WITH CELLOPHANE
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING AND PACKAGING HERBAL TINCTURES
- EQUIPMENT FOR INDUCTION SEALING OF ALU FOIL BOTTLES
- EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE EXPIRATION DATE AND BATCH NUMBER TO PRODUCTS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKING TEA INTO TEA BAGS WITH THREAD AND LABEL
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS IN A FLOW PACK
- EQUIPMENT FOR METAL DETECTOR IN GELATIN CAPSULES AND TABLETS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING TABLETS IN STRIPS AND TUBES
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND PACKAGING OF WET ALCOHOL WIPES
- FLOW-PACK PACKAGING MACHINES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VACUUM PACKAGING IN PLASTIC BAGS
- EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING LIQUIDS IN PLASTIC AND METAL BARRELS
- EQUIPMENT FOR PACKAGING BULK MATERIALS IN PLASTIC BAGS
- AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR SELF-ADHESIVE LABELS ON PACKAGING
- MACHINES PRINTING EXPIRATION DATE AND LOT NUMBER
- EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING LIQUIDS WITH MICROWAVE HEATING
- EQUIPMENT FOR POWDERING PHARMA RAW MATERIALS
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR BLISTER PACKAGING
- EQUIPMENT FOR AUTOMATIC DOSING OF CREAMS AND OINTMENTS
- PERISTALTIC PUMPS DISPENSERS
- EQUIPMENT FOR LABORATORY TESTING OF MEDICINES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR MIXING POWDERS
- SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES
- EQUIPMENT FOR VIBRATING SIEVING OF POWDERS
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID DOSING
- MANUAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILLING GELATIN CAPSULES WITH POWDER
- EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FISHING BOILIES
- DESKTOP EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH-SPEED EMULSION PRODUCTION