Water-soluble coatings improve the appearance of tablets, correct their taste and odor, protect from mechanical damage, but do not protect from air moisture. Water-soluble coatings are formed by PVP, MC, Na CMC, etc., applied to tablets in the form of water-ethanol or aqueous solutions. Coatings soluble in gastric juice – films protecting from moisture, provide rapid dissolution in the stomach (within 10-30 min). The film-formers of this group include polymers having amino groups in the molecule – diethylaminomethylcellulose, para-aminotenzoates of sugars and acetyl-cellulose. Coating of tablets is carried out by solutions of the above substances in organic solvents – ethanol or isopropanol, which are volatilized during coating and drying. Intestine-soluble coatings protect the drug substance contained in the tablet from the acid reaction of gastric juice, protect the gastric mucosa from the irritating effect of some drugs, localize the drug substance in the intestine, prolonging to a certain extent its effect, and also have a pronounced moisture-protective effect. The process of dissolution of shells in the body is due to the effect on them a complex of enzymes to various solubilizing substances contained in the intestinal juice.

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High molecular weight compounds are used as film formers for intestine-soluble coatings. They dissociate in neutral and alkaline media to form insoluble salts. Both natural substances are used: shellac, casein, keratin, paraffin, ceresin, cetyl alcohol, and synthetic products: stearic acid in combination of fats with bile acids, butyl stearate, acetylphthalyl cellulose, poly-vinyl acetateflatate, polyacrylic resins (Eudragid). The listed film formers are applied to tablets in the form of solutions. Pigments and dyes are added to the solutions to obtain colored shells. By varying different polymers and different film thicknesses, it is possible to achieve disintegration of the tablet in a certain part of the intestinal tract. Intestine-soluble coatings can withstand the effects of gastric juice for 2-4 h or more, which allows such dosage forms to pass through the stomach unchanged; in the intestinal juice they disintegrate within 1 h, ensuring the release of the drug in the intestine. Insoluble coatings are films with a microporous structure for controlled release of the drug substance. The main purpose of this type of coatings is to protect tablets, pellets or granules from mechanical damage and atmospheric moisture, to eliminate unpleasant odor and taste of the medicinal substance, prolonging its effect.