); hydrophobic solvents (mineral and vegetable oils, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, polyalkylsiloxanes, benzyl benzoate, etc.); water and hydrophilic solvents (ethyl and isopropyl alcohols, polyethylene glycols 200-600, propylene glycol, propylene carbonate, glycerin, dimexide, etc.);
emulsifiers of oil-in-water type (sodium lauryl sulfate, emulsifier No. 1, tweens, polyoxyethylene glycol ethers of higher fatty alcohols, salts of higher fatty acids, etc.); emulsifiers of water-in-oil type (higher fatty alcohols, cholesterol, wool wax alcohols, sphenes, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, etc.); gel formers (carboxyethylene glycols, cholesterol, wool wax alcohols, glyceryl monostearate, etc.). ); gelling agents (carbomers, alginic acid and its salts, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene, polyethylene glycols 1500-8000, bentonite, kaolin, gelatin, etc.); antimicrobial preservatives. ); antimicrobial preservatives (miramistin, benzoic and sorbic acids and their salts, ethyl alcohol, propylene glycol, etc.); antioxidants (a-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and its derivative, citric acid, propyl gallate, etc.);
solubilizers f-cyclodextrin, hydrophilic surfactants, etc.); fragrances (menthol, essential oils, phenylethyl alcohol, etc.); pH stabilizers (citric acid, sodium phosphoric acid salts, etc.).

Some auxiliary substances can simultaneously perform several of the above functions, as well as included in the composition of ointments as softening and moisturizing additives, penetrators, softeners and others.
Gelling agents, emulsifiers and substances that increase the melting point and viscosity of bases are also stabilizers of disperse systems. Certain auxiliaries are mixtures of different auxiliaries: aqueous lanolin, emulsifier No. 1, non-ionogenic emulsion wax, an alloy of petroleum jelly with alcohols of wool wax, etc.