{"id":59012,"date":"2024-01-16T12:24:23","date_gmt":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/katalog\/?p=59012"},"modified":"2024-01-16T12:24:23","modified_gmt":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","slug":"classification-of-soft-dosage-forms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/pharmaceutical-production-technologies\/classification-of-soft-dosage-forms\/","title":{"rendered":"Classification of soft dosage forms"},"content":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/span>\n\nBased<\/span> on<\/span> the<\/span> above,<\/span> the<\/span> following<\/span> classification<\/span> of<\/span> soft<\/span> dosage<\/span> forms<\/span> is<\/span> proposed:<\/span> 1.<\/span> Ointments<\/span> by<\/span> base<\/span> type<\/span> are<\/span> divided<\/span> into<\/span> three<\/span> groups:<\/span> hydrophobic<\/span> (lipophilic),<\/span> hydrophobic<\/span> absorption<\/span> (emulsion)<\/span> and<\/span> hydrophilic<\/span> ointments.<\/span>\nHydrophobic<\/span> (lipophilic)<\/span> ointments<\/span> are<\/span> prepared<\/span> mainly<\/span> on<\/span> hydrocarbon<\/span> bases<\/span> (petroleum<\/span> jelly,<\/span> petroleum<\/span> jelly<\/span> oil,<\/span> paraffin)<\/span> and<\/span> may<\/span> contain<\/span> other<\/span> lipophilic<\/span> excipients<\/span> (vegetable<\/span> oils,<\/span> animal<\/span> fats,<\/span> waxes,<\/span> synthetic<\/span> glycerides<\/span> and<\/span> liquid<\/span> polyalkyl-loxans).<\/span> Only<\/span> small<\/span> amounts<\/span> of<\/span> water<\/span> or<\/span> aqueous<\/span> solutions<\/span> can<\/span> be<\/span> introduced<\/span> into<\/span> their<\/span> composition.<\/span> Hydrophobic<\/span> ointments<\/span> when<\/span> used<\/span> have<\/span> an<\/span> occlusive<\/span> (preventing<\/span> contact<\/span> with<\/span> air)<\/span> effect,<\/span> have<\/span> a<\/span> softening<\/span> effect,<\/span> are<\/span> difficult<\/span> to<\/span> wash<\/span> off<\/span> with<\/span> water<\/span> and<\/span> do<\/span> not<\/span> mix<\/span> with<\/span> exudate.<\/span> Hydrophobic<\/span> absorption<\/span> ointments.<\/span> Absorption<\/span> ointments<\/span> are<\/span> hydrophobic,<\/span> however,<\/span> when<\/span> rubbed<\/span> into<\/span> the<\/span> skin,<\/span> they<\/span> can<\/span> absorb<\/span> (emulsify)<\/span> exudate.<\/span> The<\/span> bases<\/span> for<\/span> them<\/span> can<\/span> be<\/span> divided<\/span> into<\/span> two<\/span> groups:<\/span>\nhydrophobic<\/span> bases<\/span> consisting<\/span> of<\/span> hydrocarbons<\/span> and<\/span> emulsifiers<\/span> of<\/span> the<\/span> water\u2014oil<\/span> type<\/span> (vaseline<\/span> and<\/span> lanolin<\/span> or<\/span> wool<\/span> wax<\/span> alcohols),<\/span> in<\/span> which<\/span> significant<\/span> amounts<\/span> of<\/span> water<\/span> or<\/span> aqueous<\/span> solutions<\/span> can<\/span> be<\/span> introduced<\/span> to<\/span> form<\/span> a<\/span> water\u2014oil<\/span> emulsion;<\/span>\nhydrophobic<\/span> bases,<\/span> which<\/span> are<\/span> emulsions<\/span> of<\/span> the<\/span> water-oil<\/span> or<\/span> oil\u2014water\u2014oil<\/span> type<\/span> (vaseline<\/span> and<\/span> aqueous<\/span> lanolin).<\/span> In<\/span> addition,<\/span> water<\/span> or<\/span> an<\/span> aqueous<\/span> solution<\/span> can<\/span> be<\/span> introduced<\/span> into<\/span> their<\/span> composition<\/span> by<\/span> emulsification.<\/span> Hydrophilic<\/span> ointments,<\/span> as<\/span> a<\/span> rule,<\/span> are<\/span> hyperosmolar,<\/span> as<\/span> a<\/span> result<\/span> of<\/span> which,<\/span> when<\/span> applied,<\/span> they<\/span> can<\/span> absorb<\/span> a<\/span> significant<\/span> amount<\/span> of<\/span> exudate.<\/span> The<\/span> bases<\/span> for<\/span> them<\/span> can<\/span> be<\/span> divided<\/span> into<\/span> two<\/span> groups:<\/span> water-soluble<\/span> bases,<\/span> which,<\/span> as<\/span> a<\/span> rule,<\/span> contain<\/span> hydrophilic<\/span> non-aqueous<\/span> solvents<\/span> (polyethylene<\/span> glycol<\/span> 400,<\/span> propylene<\/span> glycol,<\/span> etc.)<\/span> and<\/span> sufficiently<\/span> large<\/span> concentrations<\/span> of<\/span> water-soluble<\/span> polymers<\/span> (polyethylene<\/span> glycol<\/span> 1500,<\/span> proxanol<\/span> 268,<\/span> etc.);<\/span> water-washable<\/span> bases,<\/span> which,<\/span> in<\/span> addition<\/span> to<\/span> water-soluble<\/span> polymers<\/span> and<\/span> hydrophilic<\/span> non-aqueous<\/span> solvents,<\/span> they<\/span> contain<\/span> lipophilic<\/span> substances<\/span> (higher<\/span> fatty<\/span> alcohols,<\/span> petroleum<\/span> jelly,<\/span> petroleum<\/span> jelly<\/span> oil,<\/span> lanolin,<\/span> waxes,<\/span> etc.).<\/span> These<\/span> bases,<\/span> as<\/span> a<\/span> rule,<\/span> are<\/span> oil\u2014water<\/span> emulsions<\/span> and<\/span> require<\/span> the<\/span> presence<\/span> of<\/span> an<\/span> oil\u2014water<\/span> emulsifier.<\/span> 2.<\/span> Creams<\/span> by<\/span> composition<\/span> are<\/span> divided<\/span> into<\/span> hydrophobic<\/span> (fatty)<\/span> and<\/span> hydrophilic<\/span> (emulsion).<\/span> Hydrophobic<\/span> creams<\/span> are<\/span> prepared<\/span> on<\/span> the<\/span> basis<\/span> of<\/span> a<\/span> water\u2014oil<\/span> or<\/span> oil\u2014water\u2014oil<\/span> emulsion<\/span> stabilized<\/span> with<\/span> suitable<\/span> emulsifiers.<\/span>\n\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Based on the above, the following classification of soft dosage forms is proposed: 1. Ointments by base type are divided into three groups: hydrophobic (lipophilic), hydrophobic absorption (emulsion) and hydrophilic ointments. Hydrophobic (lipophilic) ointments are prepared mainly on hydrocarbon bases (petroleum jelly, petroleum jelly oil, paraffin) and may contain other lipophilic excipients (vegetable oils,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"two_page_speed":[]},"categories":[2175,2213,2214],"tags":[2380,2381,2372,2376,2373,2197,2378,2374,156,193,2200,43,2218,2377,2370,2220,2191,2379,155,194,39,2375,2219,2216,2371,2217],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":".. Author Roman Tsibulsky","author_link":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES<\/a> TECHNOLOGY OF DOSAGE FORMS IN PRODUCTION<\/a> TECHNOLOGY OF SOFT DOSAGE FORMS<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Based on the above, the following classification of soft dosage forms is proposed: 1. Ointments by base type are divided into three groups: hydrophobic (lipophilic), hydrophobic absorption (emulsion) and hydrophilic ointments. Hydrophobic (lipophilic) ointments are prepared mainly on hydrocarbon bases (petroleum jelly, petroleum jelly oil, paraffin) and may contain other lipophilic excipients (vegetable oils,...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59012"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59012"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59012\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59012"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59012"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/pharmaceutical-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59012"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}