Closely related to these general requirements are the technological requirements for the basics, which should: show chemical and physical stability during the manufacture and storage of suppositories; easy to form and maintain the necessary hardness upon insertion; have the ability to emulsify the required number of solutions; to have certain ductility, viscosity, deformation time and structural and mechanical properties. The listed technological requirements are met by lipophilic, hydrophilic bases and their mixtures used in the pharmaceutical industry around the world. As the lipophilic suppository bases, the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR XI recommends the use of cocoa butter, its alloys with paraffin and hydro-genetized fats, vegetable and animal fats, hard fat, lanol, fat alloys with wax and hard paraffin. Currently, in the pharmacopeias of several countries, cocoa butter remains the official pharmacopeia base. Lipophilic bases must meet the following requirements: quickly melt in the rectum; have a melting point not higher than 37 ° C; have sufficient hardness and a small difference between the melting and pour points; have sufficient viscosity; well absorb liquids; be stable during storage.

Due to the fact that the melting temperature of the components of the base varies quite widely (hydro fat - from 28 to 37 ° C, paraffin - from 50 to 57 ° C, cocoa butter - from 30 to 34 ° C), the actual melting temperature of the resulting alloy can be slightly higher or lower than the specified. In this case, paraffin or hydro fat is added to the base in the amounts necessary to bring the melting temperature of the mixture to a predetermined value. At the same time, they use the “supplement table”. In addition to the required melting point, the suppository base must also have the appropriate structural and mechanical properties. You can judge them by the time of complete deformation of the suppository prepared from this base. Determination of the time of complete deformation is carried out at a temperature of 37 ° C on a Kruvchinsky instrument. Surfactants are often introduced into the composition of the bases, which not only improve the structural and mechanical properties, but also affect the kinetics of the release and absorption of drugs. Hydrophilic suppository bases are mainly represented by polyethylene glycols (polyethylene oxides) - condensed polymers of ethylene oxide and water. Domestic industry produces polyethylene glycols that differ in molecular weight: PEO-400, PEO-1500, PEO-2000, PEO-4000 and PEO-6000.

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