{"id":58949,"date":"2024-01-16T11:17:01","date_gmt":"1970-01-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/katalog\/?p=58949"},"modified":"2024-03-28T12:57:50","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T09:57:50","slug":"bases-hidrofobas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/tecnologias-de-produccion-farmaceutica\/bases-hidrofobas\/","title":{"rendered":"Bases hidr\u00f3fobas"},"content":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/span>\r\n\r\nHydrophobic,<\/span> or<\/span> lipophilic,<\/span> bases<\/span> are<\/span> chemically<\/span> heterogeneous<\/span> substances<\/span> and<\/span> their<\/span> mixtures<\/span> with<\/span> pronounced<\/span> hydrophobicity.<\/span> This<\/span> group<\/span> includes:<\/span> fat<\/span> bases;<\/span> hydrocarbon<\/span> bases;<\/span> silicone<\/span> bases.<\/span> Fat<\/span> bases<\/span> include<\/span> animal,<\/span> vegetable<\/span> and<\/span> hydrogenated<\/span> fats,<\/span> as<\/span> well<\/span> as<\/span> waxes.<\/span> Animal<\/span> fats<\/span> by<\/span> chemical<\/span> nature<\/span> are<\/span> triglycerides<\/span> of<\/span> higher<\/span> fatty<\/span> acids.<\/span> By<\/span> their<\/span> properties,<\/span> they<\/span> are<\/span> close<\/span> to<\/span> the<\/span> fatty<\/span> secretions<\/span> of<\/span> the<\/span> skin.<\/span> In<\/span> addition,<\/span> fats<\/span> contain<\/span> unsaponifiable<\/span> components,<\/span> among<\/span> which<\/span> cholesterol<\/span> predominates.<\/span> Of<\/span> animal<\/span> fats,<\/span> pork<\/span> fat<\/span> is<\/span> the<\/span> most<\/span> common<\/span> \u2014<\/span> Adeps<\/span> suillus<\/span> seu<\/span> Axungiaporcina<\/span> (depurata).<\/span> It<\/span> is<\/span> a<\/span> mixture<\/span> of<\/span> triglycerides<\/span> of<\/span> stearic,<\/span> palmitic,<\/span> oleic<\/span> and<\/span> linoleic<\/span> acids.<\/span> Pork<\/span> fat<\/span> also<\/span> contains<\/span> a<\/span> small<\/span> amount<\/span> of<\/span> cholesterol.<\/span>\r\nIt<\/span> is<\/span> a<\/span> white<\/span> mass<\/span> almost<\/span> odorless<\/span> with<\/span> a<\/span> melting<\/span> point<\/span> of<\/span> 34-36<\/span> \"C.<\/span> Ointments<\/span> on<\/span> pork<\/span> fat<\/span> are<\/span> well<\/span> absorbed<\/span> by<\/span> the<\/span> skin,<\/span> do<\/span> not<\/span> have<\/span> an<\/span> irritating<\/span> effect<\/span> and<\/span> are<\/span> easily<\/span> removed<\/span> with<\/span> soapy<\/span> water.<\/span> Pork<\/span> fat<\/span> is<\/span> easily<\/span> mixed<\/span> and<\/span> fused<\/span> with<\/span> other<\/span> fats,<\/span> waxes,<\/span> hydrocarbons,<\/span> resins<\/span> and<\/span> fatty<\/span> acids.<\/span> Due<\/span> to<\/span> the<\/span> stearin<\/span> content,<\/span> pork<\/span> fat<\/span> incorporates<\/span> up<\/span> to<\/span> 25%<\/span> water,<\/span> 70%<\/span> alcohol,<\/span> 35%<\/span> glycerin,<\/span> forming<\/span> stable<\/span> emulsion<\/span> systems<\/span> with<\/span> them.<\/span> However,<\/span> under<\/span> the<\/span> influence<\/span> of<\/span> light,<\/span> heat,<\/span> air<\/span> and<\/span> microorganisms,<\/span> fat<\/span> becomes<\/span> rancid,<\/span> acquiring<\/span> a<\/span> sharp<\/span> unpleasant<\/span> odor,<\/span> acid<\/span> reaction<\/span> and<\/span> irritating<\/span> effect.<\/span> Solid<\/span> pork<\/span> fat<\/span> is<\/span> capable<\/span> of<\/span> oxidation,<\/span> it<\/span> is<\/span> not<\/span> suitable<\/span> for<\/span> the<\/span> manufacture<\/span> of<\/span> ointments<\/span> with<\/span> oxidizing<\/span> agents.<\/span> Pork<\/span> fat<\/span> reacts<\/span> with<\/span> alkaline<\/span> substances,<\/span> heavy<\/span> metal<\/span> salts,<\/span> zinc,<\/span> copper<\/span> and<\/span> bismuth,<\/span> forming<\/span> soaps.<\/span> At<\/span> the<\/span> same<\/span> time,<\/span> the<\/span> ointments<\/span> darken,<\/span> become<\/span> dense<\/span> and<\/span> viscous.<\/span> Vegetable<\/span> fats<\/span> mostly<\/span> have<\/span> a<\/span> fatty<\/span> consistency,<\/span> which<\/span> is<\/span> due<\/span> to<\/span> the<\/span> high<\/span> content<\/span> of<\/span> glycerides<\/span> of<\/span> unsaturated<\/span> acids.<\/span> In<\/span> this<\/span> regard,<\/span> vegetable<\/span> fats<\/span> can<\/span> only<\/span> be<\/span> used<\/span> as<\/span> components<\/span> of<\/span> ointment<\/span> bases.<\/span>\r\nIn<\/span> their<\/span> stability,<\/span> they<\/span> are<\/span> similar<\/span> to<\/span> animal<\/span> fats<\/span> \u2014<\/span> they<\/span> become<\/span> rancid<\/span> during<\/span> prolonged<\/span> storage,<\/span> but<\/span> due<\/span> to<\/span> the<\/span> content<\/span> of<\/span> phytoncides,<\/span> they<\/span> are<\/span> more<\/span> resistant<\/span> to<\/span> the<\/span> effects<\/span> of<\/span> microorganisms.<\/span> Vegetable<\/span> oils<\/span> such<\/span> as<\/span> sunflower,<\/span> peanut,<\/span> olive,<\/span> peach,<\/span> almond<\/span> and<\/span> apricot<\/span> have<\/span> found<\/span> the<\/span> most<\/span> widespread<\/span> use.<\/span> The<\/span> advantages<\/span> of<\/span> vegetable<\/span> fats<\/span> include<\/span> biological<\/span> harmlessness,<\/span> pharmacological<\/span> indifference<\/span> and<\/span> the<\/span> possibility<\/span> of<\/span> penetration<\/span> through<\/span> the<\/span> epidermis.<\/span> Hydrogenated<\/span> fats<\/span> are<\/span> a<\/span> semi\u2014synthetic<\/span> product<\/span> obtained<\/span> by<\/span> catalytic<\/span> hydrogenation<\/span> of<\/span> fatty<\/span> vegetable<\/span> oils<\/span> (sunflower,<\/span> soy,<\/span> peanut,<\/span> castor,<\/span> etc.).<\/span>\r\n\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Hydrophobic, or lipophilic, bases are chemically heterogeneous substances and their mixtures with pronounced hydrophobicity. This group includes: fat bases; hydrocarbon bases; silicone bases. Fat bases include animal, vegetable and hydrogenated fats, as well as waxes. Animal fats by chemical nature are triglycerides of higher fatty acids. By their properties, they are close to the…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2188,3174,3188,3200,2175],"tags":[2194,2380,2196,2195,2381,43,2197,2378,2374,2373,155,156,2193,2377,2370,2372,2379,2198,2376,2375,193,194,2371,2191,2192],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":".. Autor Roman Tsibulsky","author_link":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"EQUIPO DE PRODUCCI\u00d3N DE CREMAS Y UNG\u00dcENTOS<\/a> ESQUEMA TECNOL\u00d3GICO DE PRODUCCI\u00d3N DE UNG\u00dcENTOS.<\/a> L\u00cdNEA DE PRODUCCI\u00d3N DE UNG\u00dcENTOS<\/a> PRODUCCI\u00d3N DE UNG\u00dcENTOS EST\u00c9RILES.<\/a> TECNOLOG\u00cdAS DE PRODUCCI\u00d3N FARMAC\u00c9UTICA<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Hydrophobic, or lipophilic, bases are chemically heterogeneous substances and their mixtures with pronounced hydrophobicity. This group includes: fat bases; hydrocarbon bases; silicone bases. Fat bases include animal, vegetable and hydrogenated fats, as well as waxes. Animal fats by chemical nature are triglycerides of higher fatty acids. By their properties, they are close to the...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58949"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58949"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58949\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minipress.ru\/farmaceutico-equipos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}